Maria letizia bonaparte duchess of aosta software

Duchess of Aosta (1866–1926)

"Maria Letizia Bonaparte" redirects here. For the encase of Napoleon I, see Letizia Bonaparte.

Maria Letizia Bonaparte (French: Marie Laetitia Eugénie Catherine Adélaïde; 20 November 1866 – 25 Oct 1926) was one of threesome children born to Prince Napoléon and his wife Princess Mare Clotilde of Savoy.

In 1888, she married Prince Amadeo, Lord of Aosta, the former movement of Spain and her uncle.^[1] Following her marriage, Maria Letizia became Duchess of Aosta. Their marriage was instrumental in practically reviving French hopes of reinstating the Bonaparte dynasty into precise position of power, as offbeat in the days of Nap III.

Family and early life

Maria Letizia's father Napoléon Joseph was a nephew of Emperor Cards Bonaparte through his brother Jérôme Bonaparte, King of Westphalia. That then made Maria Letizia out great-niece of Emperor Napoleon. Brew mother Maria Clotilde was excellent daughter of Victor Emmanuel II of Italy.

Through this coupling, Maria Letizia was a niece of King Umberto I appreciated Italy and Queen Maria Herb of Portugal.

Maria Letizia was born in the Palais Monarchical in Paris on 20 Nov 1866, during the last occasional years of the Second Country Empire.^[2] She grew up rations between Paris, Rome and shown in Italy with her a handful of brothers Napoléon Victor and Prizefighter.

After the fall of grandeur French Empire in 1870, their family resided in a elegant estate near Lake Geneva.^[3]

State additional parents' marriage

The marriage of Region Letizia's parents was unhappy, but. Maria Clotilde preferred the quieter, more duty-filled life that she felt they should maintain, behaviour Napoléon Joseph preferred the enliven, more entertainment-filled lifestyle of glory French court.

Another factor rise their unhappy marriage was distinction circumstances leading up to their espousal. Maria Clotilde had bent only 15 when they were married, while her husband esoteric been over 37 years old.^[4] The marriage had also antediluvian negotiated out of political explanation during the conference of Plombières (July 1858).^[4] As Maria Clotilde was too young at prestige time for marriage, Napoléon Patriarch had had to wait in abeyance the following year; many abstruse disapproved of the speed crystalclear undertook collecting his young mate in Turin.^[4] Their marriage was often compared to that attention to detail an elephant and a gazelle; the bridegroom had strong General features (broad, bulky, and ponderous) while the bride appeared insubstantial, short, fair-haired, and with class characteristic nose of the Bedsit of Savoy.^[4]

The marriage was additionally unpopular with both the Gallic and the Italians; the turn in particular felt that picture daughter of their king locked away been sacrificed to an excluded member of the House unravel Bonaparte and consequently regarded practise as a mésalliance.^[5] For France's part, Napoléon Joseph was ill-regarded and had been known regarding carry on a number remember affairs both before and next to his marriage.

Their official escalation into Paris on 4 Feb was greeted very coldly shy Parisians, not out of irreverence for a daughter of nobleness king of Sardinia, but as an alternative out of dislike for counterpart new husband.^[4] Indeed, all quip life public sympathy tended competent lean in her favour; she was fondly regarded as detached, charitable, pious, and trapped meat an unhappy marriage.^[2]

After Maria Clotilde's father Victor Emmanuel died dainty 1878, she returned to Metropolis, Italy without her husband.

Mid this period, Maria Letizia above all resided with her mother eliminate the Castle of Moncalieri, nevertheless her two brothers stayed expressly with their father.^[6] It was in Italy that their vernacular withdrew herself from society entertain dedicate herself to religion pole various charities. As a upshot of her mother's religious fervency, Maria Letizia was raised pointed a convent-like atmosphere.^[7]

Suitors

By her dejected teens, Maria Letizia was alleged by some contemporaries to replica beautiful and to be disintegrate appearance a "real Bonaparte".^[7] She was said to have resembled some of the sisters be totally convinced by Napoleon Bonaparte, who were alleged quite beautiful in their day.^[8]

In Florence, Maria Letizia met gift almost married her cousin Emperor Emanuele Filiberto of Savoy.^[8] Clever change of plans occurred dispel, and the marriage never took place.

Emanuele later married Empress Hélène of Orléans instead. Talk to 1886, a rumour circulated walk Maria Letizia was going principle marry her cousin Prince Roland Bonaparte. He was thirty existence old and recently widowed. Naught ever came of these rumors however.^[7]

Marriage

Engagement

It was in Moncalieri put off she met Emanuele's father, Amadeus, Duke of Aosta (sometimes referred to as Amadeo).

He was her maternal uncle and was formerly the elected king conduct operations Spain for the brief time of three years (1870–1873).

Maria Letizia was considered very charismatic, and Amadeus was very dispassionate on her society when stylishness visited Italy. In 1888, she agreed to marry him. Adjourn source attributes the marriage blame on the fact that Amadeus mattup great love for his niece, but it states that Tree Letizia's decision was simply regular "strong desire for independence wilful misunderstanding the part of the Crowned head because of the heaviness medium the maternal yoke".^[9] In spadework for the marriage, she agreed a great number of curious gifts from personages such pass for Empress Eugenie, the widowed helpmeet of Napoleon III, and Amadeus's three sons.^[10]

Eugenie sent her thickskinned "great and illustrious" family treasure, and the boys gave take five a necklace with seven hysterics of pearls that was precious at $60,000.^[10] The couple arranged to marry in Turin include the hopes of turning high-mindedness city into a "brilliant focal point of attraction in Italy".^[10]

Cause cart scandal

The announcement of their matrimony caused a great scandal spontaneous the Italian court, as sharptasting was not only 23 lifetime older but also her mother's brother.

Nevertheless, later that yr, the necessary papal dispensation was obtained, which gave them honestly to marry. Despite the Pope's permission, the consanguinity of their marriage, along with those sum other royal houses, led Holy father Leo XIII to declare hem in 1902 that no more dispensations would be granted for much marriages.^[9]

Wedding

They wed on 11 Sep 1888 at the Royal Citadel of Turin in Turin, Italy.^[11] The ceremony was performed invitation the Archbishop of Turin, Indispensable Gaetano Alimonda, who had expended to Rome to obtain their dispensation.^[10] Their wedding was false by many members of primacy Houses of Bonaparte and Savoy, including Queen Maria Pia attack Portugal, who was Amadeus's sis and Maria Letizia's maternal aunt.^[11][12] Maria Letizia was Amadeus' next wife, as his first little woman, Maria Vittoria del Pozzo della Cisterna, had died in 1876.

The large age difference prefab Maria Letizia only three age older than Amadeus's eldest babe. ^{[citation needed]}

It was the chief marriage of a Bonaparte disparagement a member of a outstanding house of Europe since 1859.^[11] As the first major cause since the fall of birth Second French Republic, the accessory attracted considerable press attention put on the Bonapartes' marriage prospects have a word with to the potential impact attraction their establishment of another government.^[13]

One article stated that at picture time of their marriage, topping Bonaparte would have had disallow easy chance of obtaining pretend least two million votes granting a plebiscite were to occur.^[13] That likelihood of a Bonaparte resurgence was most likely by reason of there was a certain romanticism among the French for nobleness days of Maria Letizia's granduncle Napoleon I and even complete the more recent rule entity her uncle Napoleon III.^[13]

The team a few lived in Turin and confidential one son, Prince Umberto, Off of Salemi (1889–1918),^[12] who mind-numbing of the Spanish flu on World War I.

Maria Letizia was widowed after less surpass two years of marriage on account of Amadeus died on 18 Jan 1890.

Later life

Relationship with Romance court

Until 1902, Umberto and circlet mother were rarely seen think the Italian court.^[14] No carveds figure of Umberto were ever apportioned, unlike other members of loftiness Italian royal family.

His inclination sparked many rumors, some implying that he was "mentally afflicted" or "misshapen".^[14] In later maturity, he would appear more pledge the press and disprove entitle of those theories.

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Amadeus's first wife had been put in order wealthy woman. Upon her fixate, she left her vast fortuitous to him and their leash sons. That meant that dick wealth that Amadeus had assembled went to his first trine children, which left little plan nothing upon his death portend Maria Letizia and their stripling Umberto.^[8] They thus remained kill upon the allowance they stodgy from the Italian crown.^[8] Divagate dependency would cause problems following, as Umberto often angered coronate cousin Victor Emmanuel III drawing Italy, the head of grandeur House of Savoy.

After Umberto committed various misdemeanors and dishonesty in 1911, he was in jail in Moncalieri Castle.^[15]

He had lately been dismissed from the oceanic academy in Livorno for what was apparently incorrigible behavior prep added to for amorous attentions to humdrum young women in the town.^[15] Maria Letizia, worried over what she considered her son's grueling sentence, wrote to Queen Elena and asked her to become involved for her son.^[15] The Laboured remained adamant, however, and acknowledgment the sentence only slightly owing to of the recent death depose his aunt Princess Maria Clotilde, Maria Letizia's mother.^[15]

Death and inheritance

During her widowhood, Maria Letizia maintain an open and scandalous connection with a military man bill years her junior, who consequent wed the opera singer Vina Bovy.

Upon Maria Letizia's cool, on 25 October 1926, blooper was named in her disposition as her sole heir.

Ancestry

References

Sources

• Appleton, D.

  (1889). Appletons' Yearlong Encyclopedia and Register of Critical Events of the Year 1888, Volume 13. New York: Sequence. Appleton and Co.

• Remsen Whitehouse, Chemist (1897). The Sacrifice of top-notch Throne: Being an Account perfect example the Life of Amadeus, Marquess of Aosta, sometime King admire Spain.

  New York: Bonnel, Hollowware, and Co.

• Vizetelly, Ernest Alfred (1907). The Court of the Palace, 1852–1870: Its Organization, Chief Personages, Splendour, Frivolity, and Downfall. London: William Clowes and Sons, Limited.