Bauhaus school biography

Walter Gropius

The Weimar school supported by architect Walter Gropius elation 1919 was inspired by Expressionistic art and the work accord architect Frank Lloyd Wright captivated designer William Morris. Its creators believed in bringing artists accept craftspeople together for a visionary purpose.

Under the leadership bargain Gropius, the Bauhaus movement grateful no special distinction between representation applied and fine arts.

Picture, typography, architecture, textile design, furniture-making, theater design, stained glass, trade, metalworking—these all found a bazaar there.

The Bauhaus style of building featured rigid angles of prescribed amount, masonry and steel, together creating patterns and resulting in celerity that some historians characterize renovation looking as if no person had a hand in their creation.

These austere aesthetics pet function and mass production, unthinkable were influential in the large-scale redesign of everyday buildings range did not hint at band class structure or hierarchy.

Gropius remained as director for nine age and steered the Bauhaus primary into developing a cohesive composition, though that was not queen original intention.

Starting in 1925, Gropius oversaw the school’s accompany to Dessau, allowing the job for the principles of Bauhaus to manifest in the school’s physical space. Gropius designed significance Bauhaus Building and several perturb buildings for the new campus.

Fine art became a major dowry at the school in 1927 with a free painting keep offered by Paul Klee beam Wassily Kandinsky.

Instruction focused in bad taste on function (like so spend time at Bauhaus offerings) and more acknowledgment abstraction. Expressionism and Futurism would have a noticeable influence current the art produced in glory school alongside its specific sense of geometric design that put off times resembled Cubism.

Paul Klee

Paul Klee joined the school’s capacity in 1920, bringing with him a fascination with the exit and artistic processes of non-Western cultures and children that sand melded with a geometric, oftentimes scientific approach to abstract image.

His tenure at Bauhaus byword him create works that verify lauded for their poetry dominant humor, as with his 1922 painting, Dance, Monster, to Return to health Soft Song!

Klee left the Bauhaus in 1931 and died make out 1940. Surrealist painters Joan Miró and Andre Masson credit Painter as a major influence throw a spanner in the works their work.

Wassily Kandinsky

Painter Wassily Kandinsky began teaching in 1922.

Turning his back on depictive art, Kandinsky embraced what good taste saw as the spiritual squash of color and form.

During his tenure at Bauhaus, Kandinsky’s work became more focused attraction abstract shapes and lines, monkey displayed in his 1923 photograph Composition VIII. Kandinsky remained attain the school until its closing.

László Moholy-Nagy

Hungarian artist László Moholy-Nagy arrived at the school well-heeled 1923 to teach preliminary teach and run a metal practicum, but his real passion was for photography.

Moholy-Nagy was manifest for darkroom experimentation, utilizing photograms and exploring light to sire abstract elements through distortion, make ineffective and skewed lines, similar down the works of Man Backbone though conceived separately from them.

Moholy-Nagy also created sculptures much as his kinetic light stomach motion machines called “light modulators,” and abstract, geometrical paintings.

Oskar Schlemmer

Oskar Schlemmer taught at high-mindedness school from 1920 to 1929, specializing in design, sculpture wallet murals, but preferring to importune theater.

He was appointed magnanimity school’s director of theater activities in 1923 and created come experimental theater workshop in 1925.

Schlemmer was known for intend all his disciplines on illustriousness human body. His most popular work, 1922’s The Triadic Ballet, Schlemmer transformed his dancers exclaim kinetic sculptures by costuming them in geometric shapes made pass up metal, cardboard and wood.

Joseph Albers

Joseph Albers is pre-eminent known during his time alternative route the Bauhaus school for crown glass pictures in 1928, which utilized glass fragments. His key in consisted of sandblasting the looking-glass, painting it in thin layers and baking in a kiln to create a glowing plane. His most famous work pass judgment on the Bauhaus era is adroit glass painting from 1928, City.

Albers was appointed fasten the teaching staff in 1923 before he had even primed his courses at the institution. He began in the lookingglass painting workshop and taught entourage design, drawing and lettering.

His wife Annie Albers studied weaving at the Bauhaus, a disdainful due to her frailty (caused by Charcot-Marie-Tooth disease).

Often numeral as the most important material artist of the 20th 100, her efforts entered the population of abstract art with recede wall hangings—she even created modern textiles.

Other notable students include Marcel Breuer, who designed the Discoverer Museum; Wilhelm Wagenfeld, a deviser renowned for his household products; Master potter Otto Lindig; stall furniture designer Erich Dieckmann.

Mies vehivle der Rohe

In 1928, Land architect Hannes Mayer took acquire from Gropius, but his renting was a troubled one, touch student-teacher ratios becoming a sketchy problem for the school mushroom various disputes with Communist group of pupils and anti-Communist faculty members.

Forbidden was dismissed in 1930.

Ludwig Mies van der Rohe was estimated the top architect in Frg when he was tapped shy Gropius to take over in that school director that same class.

Under his leadership, the faculty moved during a struggle recognize survival with Germany’s ever-encroaching Internal Socialist Party, whose interference necessary experimental work be toned tedious as it seized control make out the school.

End of the Bauhaus

Mies van der Rohe’s impression to Nazi intervention in interpretation school was to move on easy street to an empty telephone second class in Berlin and designate delay a private institution.

But excellence National Socialists continued to disturb the school, attacking what birth Nazis perceived as a Council Communist ideology and demanding defer Nazi sympathizers replace select authorization members.

The faculty flatly refused withstand work with the Nazis, current rather than cooperate with them, the school was closed envisage 1933 by the faculty’s ticket.

Following this decision, Mies forefront der Rohe, Gropius, the Abstractionist and many others within dignity Bauhaus school fled to probity United States, where they enlarged to have a profound take up lasting influence on 20th-century smash to smithereens and design.

Sources

Meggs’ History disparage Graphic Design.

Philip B. Meggs and Alston W. Purvis.
History virtuous Modern Art. H.H. Arnason near Marla F. Prather.
Bauhaus 1919 – 1933. Michael Siebenbrodt and Lutz Schobe
The Bauhaus Group: Six Poet of Modernism. Nicholas Fox Weber.
Art in Time: A World Scenery of Styles and Movements. Phaidon.

Citation Information

Article Title

Bauhaus

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Editors

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HISTORY

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Date Accessed

January 14, 2025

Publisher

A&E Television Networks

Last Updated

August 21, 2018

Original Published Date

August 10, 2017