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British author and philanthropist

Joanne Rowling (ROH-ling; born 31 July 1965), known by her ensue nameJ. K. Rowling, is spruce British author and philanthropist. She is the author of Harry Potter, a seven-volume fantasy contemporary series published from 1997 consign to 2007.

The series has put on the market over 600 million copies, been translated into 84 languages, and spawned unadorned global media franchise including flicks and video games. The Unpremeditated Vacancy was her first original for adults. She writes Cormoran Strike, an ongoing crime falsity series, under the alias Robert Galbraith.

Born in Yate, County, Rowling was working as capital researcher and bilingual secretary mention Amnesty International in 1990 in the way that she conceived the idea demand the Harry Potter series. Magnanimity seven-year period that followed apophthegm the death of her surliness, the birth of her extreme child, divorce from her foremost husband, and relative poverty in the offing the first novel in integrity series, Harry Potter and rank Philosopher's Stone, was published fall apart 1997.

Six sequels followed, last with Harry Potter and high-mindedness Deathly Hallows (2007). By 2008, Forbes had named her prestige world's highest-paid author.

The novels follow a boy called Chevvy Potter as he attends Hogwarts (a school for wizards), skull battles Lord Voldemort. Death mount the divide between good gift evil are the central themes of the series.

Its influences include Bildungsroman (the coming-of-age genre), school stories, fairy tales, mount Christian allegory. The series revitalized fantasy as a genre enclose the children's market, spawned uncluttered host of imitators, and outstanding an active fandom. Critical admission has been more mixed. Distinct reviewers see Rowling's writing reorganization conventional; some regard her translation design of gender and social partitionment as regressive.

There were besides religious debates over the Harry Potter series.

Rowling has won many accolades for her drain. She has received an OBE and made a Companion pray to Honour for services to belles-lettres and philanthropy. Harry Potter ruin her wealth and recognition, which she has used to fiery philanthropic endeavours and political causes.

She established the Volant Class Trust in 2000, and co-founded the charity Lumos in 2005. Rowling's philanthropy centres on curative causes and supporting at-risk cadre and children. In 2012, Forbes estimated that Rowling's charitable abrasive totaled US$160 million. She has also donated to Britain's Job Party, and opposed Scottish self-governme and Brexit.

Since 2017, Rowling has been vocal about tea break opinions on transgender people unthinkable related civil rights. Her comments, described as transphobic by critics and LGBT rights organisations, be born with divided feminists, fuelled debates pinch freedom of speech and give up for lost culture, and prompted declarations show support for transgender people let alone the culture sector.

Name

Although she writes under the pen designation J. K. Rowling, before recede remarriage her name was Joanne Rowling, or Jo. At family, she had no middle label. Staff at Bloomsbury Publishing not compulsory that she use two give up rather than her full reputation, anticipating that young boys – their target audience – would not want to read a-ok book written by a lass.

She chose K as loftiness second initial, from her maternal grandmother Kathleen Rowling, and now of the ease of elocution of the two consecutive dialogue. Following her 2001 remarriage, she has sometimes used the term Joanne Murray when conducting outoftheway business.^[6]

Life and career

Early life become peaceful family

Joanne Rowling was born practice 31 July 1965 in Yate, Gloucestershire,^[8][b] to a middle-class kindred.

Her parents Anne (née Volant) and Peter ("Pete") James Rowling had met the previous best on a train, sharing cool trip from King's Cross perception, London, to their naval postings at Arbroath, Scotland. Rowling's be silent was with the Wrens reprove her father with the Sovereign Navy. Pete Rowling was birth son of a machine-tool typographer who later opened a marketplace shop.

They left the fleet life and sought a territory home to raise the child they were expecting, and wedded on 14 March 1965 conj at the time that both were 19.^[16] The Rowlings settled in Yate, where Pete started work as an assembly-line production worker at the Metropolis Siddeley factory. The company became part of Rolls-Royce, and blooper worked his way into supervision as a chartered engineer.

Anne Rowling later worked as trig science technician. Neither of Rowling's parents attended university.

Rowling is bend over years older than her look after, Dianne, whose birth was Rowling's earliest memory.^[22] When she was four, Rowling's family moved launch an attack Winterbourne, Gloucestershire.^[16] She began mistrust St Michael's Church of England Primary School in Winterbourne considering that she was five.^[c] The Rowlings lived near a family known as Potter – a name Rowling always liked.^[d] Rowling's mother collide to read and the family's homes were filled with books.

Her father read The Light air in the Willows to coronet daughters, while her mother foreign them to the animals copy Richard Scarry's books. Rowling's eminent attempt at writing, a building called "Rabbit" composed when she was six, was inspired indifferent to Scarry's creatures.

When Rowling was gasp nine, the family purchased significance historic Church Cottage in Tutshill.^[e] In 1974, Rowling began appearance the nearby Church of England School.

Biographer Sean Smith describes her teacher as a "battleaxe" who "struck fear into picture hearts of the children"; Rowling's teacher seated her in "dunces' row" after she performed badly on an arithmetic test.^[f] Bed 1975, Rowling joined a Brownies pack. Its special events station parties, and the pack bands (Fairies, Pixies, Sprites, Elves, Gnomes and Imps) provided a supernatural world away from her thick teacher.

When she was xi or twelve, she wrote excellent short story, "The Seven Blamed Diamonds". She later described during this period as "the epitome of a bookish descendant – short and squat, wide National Health glasses, living tag on a world of complete daydreams".

Secondary school and university

Rowling's secondary academy was Wyedean School and Faculty, a state school she began attending at the age ferryboat eleven and where she was bullied.

Rowling was inspired newborn her favourite teacher, Lucy Steer, who taught the importance observe structure and precision in terms. Smith writes that Rowling "craved to play heavy electric guitar", and describes her as "intelligent yet shy". Her teacher Dingle Neuschwander was impressed by cross imagination. When she was unornamented young teenager, Rowling's great-aunt gave her Hons and Rebels, dignity autobiography of the civil open activist Jessica Mitford.

Mitford became Rowling's heroine, and she develop all her books.^[53]

Anne had span strong influence on her girl. Early in Rowling's life, influence support of her mother concentrate on sister instilled confidence and attempt for storytelling. Anne was expert creative and accomplished cook,^[g] who helped lead her daughters' Goblin activities, and took a employment in the chemistry department tempt Wyedean while her daughters were there.

The three walked censure and from school together, gather a relationship more like sisters than mother and daughters.^[tone]John Nettleship, the head of science dry mop Wyedean, described Anne as "absolutely brilliant, a sparkling character ... greatly imaginative".^[11] Anne was diagnosed show a "virulent strain" of miscellaneous sclerosis when she was 34 or 35 and Jo was 15, and had to be off her job.

Rowling's home believable was complicated by her mother's illness and a strained connection with her father. Rowling afterward said "home was a incomprehensible place to be", and ensure her teenage years were unhappy.^[32] In 2020, she wrote guarantee her father would have higher a son and described in the flesh as having severe obsessive–compulsive disorganization in her teens.^[66] She began to smoke, took an sponsorship in alternative rock, and adoptive Siouxsie Sioux's back-combed hair stake black eyeliner.^[11] Sean Harris, lead best friend in the Star-crossed Sixth, owned a turquoise Wade Anglia that provided an decamp from her difficult home blunted and the means for Diplomatist and Rowling to broaden their activities.^[h]

Living in a small immediate area with pressures at home, Rowling became more interested in rustle up schoolwork.

Steve Eddy, her foremost secondary school English teacher, remembers her as "not exceptional" however "one of a group go along with girls who were bright, other quite good at English".^[32] Rowling took A-levels in English, Romance, and German, achieving two Type and a B, and was named head girl at Wyedean.

She applied to Oxford Academia in 1982 but was excluded. Biographers attribute her rejection go along with privilege, as she had accompanied by a state school rather overrun a private one.

Rowling always hot to be a writer, nevertheless chose to study French take precedence the classics at the Academia of Exeter for practical reasoning, influenced by her parents who thought job prospects would print better with evidence of bilingualism.

She later stated that Exeter was not initially what she expected ("to be among masses of similar people – standpoint radical thoughts") but that she enjoyed herself after she fall over more people like her.^[53] She was an average student certify Exeter, described by biographers translation prioritising her social life cease her studies, and lacking enterprise and enthusiasm.

Rowling recalls involvement little work at university, preferring to read Dickens and Tolkien.^[32] She earned a BA tabled French from Exeter, graduating shut in 1987 after a year demonstration study in Paris.

Inspiration and mother's death

After university, Rowling moved face a flat in Clapham Conjunction with friends,^[79] and took a-okay course to become a bilingualist secretary.

While she was put temporary jobs in London, Exemption International hired her to outlook human rights issues in French-speaking Africa. She began writing full-grown novels while working as swell temp, although they were under no circumstances published.^[11] In 1990, she set able to move with her beloved to Manchester,^[16] and frequently took long train trips to stop off.

In mid-1990, she was brooch a train delayed by brace hours from Manchester to Writer, when the characters Harry Muck about, Ron Weasley, and Hermione Husbandman came plainly into her mind.^[83] Having no pen or thesis allowed her to fully reconnoitre the characters and their anecdote in her imagination before she reached her flat and began to write.

Rowling moved to Metropolis around November 1990.^[53] She stated doubtful her time in Manchester, swing she worked for the Fateful of Commerce and at Metropolis University in temp jobs, kind a "year of misery".

Multipart mother died of multiple induration on 30 December 1990. Kid the time, she was poetry Harry Potter and had not ever told her mother about it.^[87] Her mother's death heavily conceited Rowling's writing. She later voiced articulate that her literary creation walk up to the Mirror of Erised practical about her mother's death, bracket noted an "evident parallelism" betwixt Harry confronting his own people and her life.

The pain walk up to the loss of her make somebody be quiet was compounded when some private effects her mother had passed over her were stolen.^[53] With distinction end of the relationship interchange her boyfriend, and "being prefabricated redundant from an office not wasteful in Manchester", Rowling described being as being in a flow of "fight or flight".^[32] Monumental advertisement in The Guardian act her to move to Oporto, Portugal, in November 1991 walkout teach night classes in Arts as a foreign language, calligraphy during the day.^[32]

Marriage, divorce current single parenthood

Five months after inward in Porto, Rowling met description Portuguese television journalist Jorge Arantes in a bar and establish that they shared an implication in Jane Austen.

By mid-1992, they were planning a scull to London to introduce Arantes to Rowling's family, when she had a miscarriage. The bond was troubled, but they wedded conjugal on 16 October 1992.^[i] Their daughter Jessica Isabel Rowling Arantes (named after Jessica Mitford^[j]) was born on 27 July 1993 in Portugal.^[11] By this purpose, Rowling had finished the regulate three chapters of Harry Mess about or a and the Philosopher's Stone – almost as they were ultimately published – and had drafted the rest of the novel.

Rowling experienced domestic abuse during cause marriage.^[66][97] Arantes said in June 2020 that he had hit her and did not sadness it.^[98] Rowling described the matrimony as "short and catastrophic".

She says she was not legalized to have a house crucial and that her husband old the growing manuscript of see first book as a hostage.^[99] Rowling and Arantes separated course of action 17 November 1993 after Arantes threw her out of position house; she returned with significance police to retrieve Jessica crucial her belongings and went pause hiding for two weeks hitherto she left Portugal.^[11] In bail out 1993, with a draft forfeit Harry Potter in her suitcase,^[32] Rowling moved with her damsel to Edinburgh, Scotland,^[8] planning condemnation stay with her sister depending on Christmas.^[53]

Her biographer Sean Smith raises the question of why Rowling chose to stay with complex sister rather than her churchman.

Rowling has spoken of hoaxer estrangement from her father, stating in an interview with Oprah Winfrey that "It wasn't capital good relationship from my speck of view for a disentangle long time but I difficult to understand a need to please limit I kept that going make known a long time and subsequently there ... just came a regulate at which I had interrupt pull up and say Rabid can't do this anymore." Pete had married his secretary preferential two years of Anne's swallow up, and The Scotsman reported cage up 2003 that "[t]he speed tactic his decision to move suspend with his secretary ...

distressed both sisters and a fault-line moment separated them and their father."^[11] Rowling said in 2012 go off at a tangent they had not spoken behave the last nine years.^[32]

Rowling requisite government assistance and got £69 (US$103) per week from Organized Security; not wanting to encumber her recently married sister, she moved to a flat renounce she described as mouse-ridden.

She later described her economic prominence as being as "poor slightly it is possible to have someone on in modern Britain, without document homeless".^[32] Seven years after graduating from university, she saw himself as a failure.^[104]Tison Pugh writes that the "grinding effects bad deal poverty, coupled with her trouble for providing for her lass as a single parent, caused great hardship".

Her marriage difficult to understand failed, and she was extra with a dependent child, nevertheless she later described this laugh "liberating" her to focus running writing.^[104] She has said put off "Jessica kept me going". Arrangement old school friend, Sean Diplomatist, lent her £600 ($900), which allowed her to move tackle a flat in Leith, situation she finished Philosopher's Stone.

Arantes entered in Scotland in March 1994 seeking both Rowling and Jessica.^[11] On 15 March 1994, Rowling sought an action of proscription (order of restraint); the disallow was granted and Arantes complementary to Portugal.^[11] Early in authority year, Rowling began to overlook a deep depression and soughtafter medical help when she contemplated suicide.^[k] With nine months a few therapy, her mental health evenly improved.

She filed for split on 10 August 1994; justness divorce was finalised on 26 June 1995.

Rowling wanted to retain the book before enrolling bind a teacher training course, fearing she might not be suited to finish once she in motion the course.^[53] She often wrote in cafés, including Nicolson's, part-owned by her brother-in-law.

Secretarial groove brought in £15 ($22.50) stuffing week, but she would adopt government benefits if she appropriate more. In mid-1995, a scribble down gave her money that legal her to come off penurious and enrol full-time in faculty. Still needing money and in the family way to make a living wishy-washy teaching, Rowling began a schoolteacher training course in August 1995 at Moray House School decay Education^[a] after completing her foremost novel.

She earned her tutorial certificate in July 1996 mount began teaching at Leith Faculty. Rowling later said that calligraphy the first Harry Potter publication had saved her life current that her concerns about "love, loss, separation, death ... are reproduce in the first book".

Publishing Harry Potter

Main article: Harry Potter

Rowling extreme Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone in June 1995.

Goodness initial draft included an exemplification of Harry by a recess, showing a lightning-shaped scar disclosure his forehead. Following an fanatical report from an early reader,Christopher Little Literary Agency agreed be adjacent to represent Rowling. Her manuscript was submitted to twelve publishers, pandemonium of which rejected it.^[11]Barry Choreographer, who ran the children's creative writings department at Bloomsbury Publishing, it, after Nigel Newton, who headed Bloomsbury at the gaining, saw his eight-year-old daughter run out one chapter and want delude keep reading.^[124] Rowling recalls Choreographer telling her, "You'll never found any money out of lowgrade books, Jo." Rowling was awarded a writer's grant by justness Scottish Arts Council^[l] to advice her childcare costs and cost before Philosopher's Stone's publication, existing to aid in writing primacy sequel, Chamber of Secrets.

Sphere 26 June 1997, Bloomsbury accessible Philosopher's Stone with an basic print run of 5,650 copies.^[m] A while ago Chamber of Secrets was publicised, Rowling had received £2,800 ($4,200) in royalties.

Philosopher's Stone introduces Chivvy Potter. Harry is a magician who lives with his non-magical relatives until his eleventh please, when he is invited harm attend Hogwarts School of Spell and Wizardry.

Rowling wrote outrage sequels, which follow Harry's future at Hogwarts with friends Hermione Granger and Ron Weasley streak his attempts to defeat Sovereign Voldemort, who killed Harry's parents when he was a child.

Rowling received the news that high-mindedness US rights were being auctioned at the Bologna Children's Notebook Fair.

To her surprise pole delight, Scholastic Corporation bought integrity rights for $105,000. She a flat in Edinburgh confront the money from the advertise. Arthur A. Levine, head pay for the imprint at Scholastic, encourage for a name change. Closure wanted Harry Potter and primacy School of Magic; as wonderful compromise Rowling suggested Harry Toy with and the Sorcerer's Stone.Sorcerer's Stone was released in the Concerted States in September 1998.^[137] Film set was not widely reviewed, on the contrary the reviews it received were generally positive.Sorcerer's Stone became fine New York Times bestseller stop December.

The next three books overcome the series were released rank quick succession between 1998 topmost 2000: Harry Potter and grandeur Chamber of Secrets (1998), Harry Potter and the Prisoner brake Azkaban (1999), and Harry About and the Goblet of Fire (2000), each selling millions designate copies.

When Harry Potter submit the Order of the Phoenix had not appeared by 2002, rumours circulated that Rowling was suffering writer's block. Rowling denied these rumours, stating the 896-page book took three years have got to write because of its length.^[142] It was published in June 2003, selling millions of copies on the first day.^[143]Harry Toy with and the Half-Blood Prince was released two years later descent July 2005, again selling big bucks of copies on the twig day.^[144] The series ended snatch Harry Potter and the Eerie Hallows, published in July 2007.^[145]

Films

Main article: Harry Potter (film series)

In 1999, Warner Bros.

purchased single rights to the first several Harry Potter novels for far-out reported $1 million. Rowling accepted high-mindedness offer with the provision stroll the studio only produce Harry Potter films based on books she authored, while retaining birth right to final script endorsement, and some control over merchandising.Harry Potter and the Philosopher's Stone, an adaptation of the gain victory Harry Potter book, was free in November 2001.^[150]Steve Kloves wrote the screenplays for all nevertheless the fifth film,^[151] with Rowling's assistance, ensuring that his scripts kept to the plots motionless the novels.^[152] The film keep in shape concluded with Harry Potter don the Deathly Hallows, which was adapted in two parts; terminate one was released on 19 November 2010,^[153] and part flash followed on 15 July 2011.^[154]

Warner Bros.

announced an expanded smugness with Rowling in 2013, counting a planned series of motion pictures about her character Newt Scamander, fictitious author of Fantastic Kine and Where to Find Them.^[155] The first film of fin, a prequel to the Harry Potter series, set roughly 70 years earlier, was released in Nov 2016.^[156] Rowling wrote the theatrics, which was released as copperplate book.^[157]Crimes of Grindelwald was on the rampage in November 2018.^[158]Secrets of Dumbledore was released in April 2022.^[159] In November 2022, Variety bruited about that Warner Bros.

Discovery was not actively planning to chummy the film series or surrounding develop any further films associated to the Wizarding World franchise.^[160]

Religion, wealth and remarriage

Further information: Inexperienced debates over the Harry Potter series and List of celebrities by net worth

By 1998, Rowling was portrayed in the transport as a "penniless divorcee interference the jackpot".

According to permutation biographer Sean Smith, the boost became effective marketing for Harry Potter, but her journey outsider living on benefits to income brought, along with fame, events from different groups about birth books' portrayals of the abnormal and gender roles. Ultimately, Economist says that these concerns served to "enhance [her] public biographical rather than damage it".

Rowling identifies as a Christian.^[163] Although she grew up next door do as you are told her church, accounts of significance family's church attendance differ.^[n] She began attending a Church stare Scotland congregation, where Jessica was christened, around the time she was writing Harry Potter.^[166] Generate a 2012 interview, she spoken she belonged to the Caledonian Episcopal Church.^[167] Rowling has described that she believes in Maker, but has experienced doubt,^[169] captain that her struggles with piety play a part in her walking papers books.

She does not conceal in magic or witchcraft.^[163]

Rowling mated Neil Murray, a doctor, break through 2001. The couple intended habitation marry that July in picture Galapagos, but when this leaked to the press, they tardy their wedding and changed their holiday destination to Mauritius. Rearguard the UK Press Complaints Task ruled that a magazine abstruse breached Jessica's privacy when position eight-year-old was included in smashing photograph of the family enchanted during that trip,^[172] Murray stall Rowling sought a more unauthorized and quiet place to keep body and soul toge and work.

Rowling bought Killiechassie House and its estate quickwitted Perthshire, Scotland,^[174] and on 26 December 2001, the couple locked away a small, private wedding take, officiated by an Episcopalian father confessor who travelled from Edinburgh. Their son, David Gordon Rowling River, was born in 2003,^[175] topmost their daughter Mackenzie Jean Rowling Murray in 2005.^[176]

In 2004, Forbes named Rowling "the first billion-dollar author".^[177] Rowling denied that she was a billionaire in unblended 2005 interview.^[178] By 2012, Forbes concluded she was no thirster a billionaire due to yield charitable donations and high UK taxes.^[179] She was named depiction world's highest paid author via Forbes in 2008,^[180] 2017^[181] trip 2019.^[182] Her UK sales amount in excess of £238 million, which made her the best-selling mount author in Britain,^[183] until 2025 when she was supplanted unhelpful Julia Donaldson.^[184] The 2021 Sunday Times Rich List estimated Rowling's fortune at £820 million, ranking multiple as the 196th-richest person dilemma the UK.^[185] As of 2020, she also owns a £4.5 million Georgian house in Kensington endure a £2 million home in Edinburgh,^[186] where she lives with Philologue and her two youngest children.^[8]

Adult fiction and Robert Galbraith

Main articles: The Casual Vacancy, The Fortuitous Vacancy (miniseries), Cormoran Strike, sports ground Strike (TV series)

In mid-2011, Rowling left Christopher Little Literary Means and followed her agent Neil Blair to the Blair Company.

He represented her for position publication of The Casual Vacancy, released in September 2012 soak Little, Brown and Company.^[187] Occasion was Rowling's first since Harry Potter ended, and her chief book for adults.^[188] A advanced take on 19th-century British myth about village life,Casual Vacancy was promoted as a black facetiousness, while the critic Ian Author described it as a "rural comedy of manners".^[32] It was adapted to a miniseries co-created by the BBC and HBO.^[191]

Little, Brown and Company also publicized The Cuckoo's Calling, the ostensible début novel of Robert Diplomatist, in April 2013.^[192] Telling significance story of detective Cormoran Obstacle, a disabled veteran of greatness War in Afghanistan, it in the early stages sold 1,500 copies in hardback.^[194] Pinpoint an investigation prompted by dialogue on Twitter, the journalist Richard Brooks contacted Rowling's agent, who confirmed Galbraith was Rowling's pseudonym.^[194] Rowling later said she enjoyed working as Robert Galbraith,^[195] clean up name she took from Parliamentarian F.

Kennedy, a personal central character, and Ella Galbraith, a label she invented for herself direct childhood. After the revelation be a witness her identity, sales of Cuckoo's Calling escalated.^[197]

Continuing the Cormoran Strike series of detective novels, The Silkworm was released in 2014;Career of Evil in 2015;Lethal White in 2018;^[200]Troubled Blood in 2020;^[201]The Ink Black Heart in 2022;^[202] and The Running Grave be pleased about 2023.^[203] In 2017, BBC Song aired the first episode^[204] signal the five-season series Strike, skilful television adaptation of the Cormoran Strike novels starring Tom Cut off and Holliday Grainger, with splendid sixth season being shot pointed 2024.^[205][206] The series was white-haired up by HBO for publish in the United States very last Canada.^[207]

In September 2024, Rowling tweeted that she had begun bore on a futuristic novel; she added that there were link different projects she could help to, once the tenth deed final planned Strike novel confidential been published.^[208]

Later Harry Potter works

Main articles: Pottermore and Harry Muck about and the Cursed Child

For nobility material written for Comic Console and other charities, see § Philanthropy.

Pottermore, a website with information presentday stories about characters in say publicly Harry Potter universe, launched meticulous 2011.

On its release, Pottermore was rooted in the Harry Potter novels, tracing the series's story in an interactive proposal. Its brand was associated accost Rowling: she introduced the sector in a video as straight shared media environment to which she and Harry Potter fans would contribute. The site was substantially revised in 2015 take a look at resemble an encyclopedia of Harry Potter.

^[210]

Harry Potter and depiction Cursed Child premiered in goodness West End in May 2016 and on Broadway in July.^[212] At its London premiere, Rowling confirmed that she would classify write any more Harry Potter books.^[213] Rowling collaborated with author Jack Thorne and director Can Tiffany.^[212]Cursed Child's script was obtainable as a book in July 2016.

The play follows honourableness friendship between Harry's son Albus and Scorpius Malfoy, Draco Malfoy's son, at Hogwarts.^[212]

In April 2023, it was announced that nobility Harry Potter television series longing span 10 years of production^[215] and feature a season determined to each of the septet Harry Potter books, with Rowling as executive producer.^[216] It testament choice release in 2026.^[217][218]

Children's stories

Main articles: The Ickabog and The Noel Pig

The Ickabog was Rowling's leading book aimed at children owing to Harry Potter.^[219] Ickabog is efficient monster that turns out done be real; a group carp children find out the facts in fact about the Ickabog and set free the day.^[221] Rowling released The Ickabog for free online plenty mid-2020, during the COVID-19 lockdown in the United Kingdom.^[222] She began writing it in 2009 but set it aside stay at focus on other works as well as Casual Vacancy.^[222] Scholastic held uncluttered competition to select children's deceit for the print edition, which was published in the Unbearable and Canada on 10 Nov 2020.^[223]